Chemical Process

Coal has the main composition of carbon , and carbon in a nature make a chemical reaction to build their substances. These substances are varying and have their own name depend on the composition on their chain. Carbon in their chemical chain usually called as carbonates that have many name of these substances . The mineral that usually available on coal are as follows: Silicates: Clay minerals: Kaolinite Al 2 Si 2 O 3 (OH) 4 Illite Montmorillonite Chlorite Mixed layer clays Others: Quartz SiO 2 Chalcedony SiO 2 Feldspar KAlSi 3 O 4 Tourmaline NaMg 3 Al 6 B 3 Si 6 O 27 (OH) 4 Sulphides: Pyrite FeS 2 Marcasite FeS 2 Sphalerite ZnS Galena PbS Carbonates: Calcite CaCO 3 Dolomite (CaMg)CO 3 Siderite FeCO 3 Aroganite CaCO 3 Ankerite (FeMgCa)CO 3 Dawsonite NaAlCO 3 (OH) 2 Strontianite SrCO 3 Sulphates: Gypsum CaSO 4 .2H 2 O Barite BaSO 4 Anhydrite CaSO 4 Coquimbite Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 2 .9H 2 O Szomolnokite NaFe 3 (SO 4 ) 2 (OH) 6 Other mine

CO or Carbon Monoxide is a poisonous gas, CO gas is formed from imperfect combustion of carbon substance that is come from many source, such as coal, petrol fuel and many others . Poisonous gas is consisting of elements that threat to our live. The poisonous gas can enter to our body through of many ways, through breath of nose, permeated to the skin, and from injection. Poisonous gases usually colorless and no smell but threat to our environment seriously. The common gases that destroy our environment are CO and H2S . The poisonous gas exposed to our environment in two model; chronic and acute. Chronic Expose: Expose for long time Affected to hemoglobin Feel getting flu such as headache Cause weakened to our health resilience Carbon monoxide is one of this reasons Carbon Monoxide Data: Colorless, smelliness, flammable LEL 12.5% Very poison; can absorb oxygen 200 – 300 time faster than oxygen in the hemoglobin Exposures: PEL/TWA 25 ppm C 20

Flammable liquid is defined that the liquid easy to be fired. But the easiest of each liquid or gasses have scale, on the chemical engineer this material is being classes as in the table below. As on the table describe of boiling point, flash point and ignition temperature of each material. Boiling point is the temperature which the material beginning to boil like water will boil at 100 oC at 1 atmosphere pressure. Flash point is the lowest temperature at which material will ignite, but flash point is not autoignite, at which material will fired by itself. Flammable liquid is grouping into their gas group, the group of flammable liquid is just use for using an equipment that is suitable for this environment. Some equipment is not suitable with this liquid properties and can make broken to certain equipment if forced using on this environment. Ignition temperature is the point that material will starting fired when put in heat source into the material. Group specification and charact