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Acetylene

Acetylene or ethane, have formula C2H2, is a colorless and flammable gas. It sublimes at – 84 oC at normal pressure. Most acetylene is manufactured by the reaction of water with calcium carbide, the reaction as follows:

CaC2 + 2H2O >>>>> Ca (OH)2+ C2H2

This reaction also occurs in carbide lamps, where a steady gas flow in obtained from water dripping on a carbide tablet.

Acetylene have triple bond on the structure formula: CH = CH. Because of this triple bond, acetylene easily undergoes addition reactions. Vinyl chloride is manufactured from acetylene by the addition of hydrogen chloride:

CH == CH + HCl >>>>> CH2 == CHCl

Similar additions with acetic acid, CH3COOH, and with hydrogen cyanide, HCN, yield vinyl acetate.
CH3COOH == CH2 and acrylonitrile CH2 == CHCN. Both compounds are important in the production of artificial fibers and plastics. Acetylene gas is used in metal cutting and welding because of its high combustive temperature.

Others chemicals:

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