Hazardous Materials

Hazardous materials are substances which can endanger or damage in certain concentrations (amounts) people, animals, environment and real values.

These materials can be existent firmly, liquidly, gaseous or also in the form of radiation.

• Appearance of hazardous materials
• Different transport ways (streets, rails, water, air)
• Storage, manufacturing, processing in buildings and mills
• During fires as a result of the combustion (pyrolyse products)
• Hospitals, indoor swimming pools, collecting points of problematic goods
• Agriculture

Chemical materials
Caustic materials
Develop a direct irritation and caustic impact on eyes, skin and tissues of humans and animals.

Acids and bases (heavy caustic materials)
Cause corrosions of the eyes, the skin and the respiratory system as well as destroy clothes and equipment.

Materials which are harmful to the environment
Damage depending on their character and effect plants, soil, ground water and bodies of water.

Poisonous materials
Provoke the damage of blood, nerves or cells of humans and animals.

Nitrogen fertilizer
Decompose at temperatures > 130°C. In this process are generated nitrous gases and ammoniac gas.

Mineral oil products
Are harmful to the base water and can cause danger of fire and explosion depending on their character.

First aid at corrosions and toxication

Corrosion can caused by

• Acids (e.g. sulphuric or hydrochloric acid)
• Bases (e.g. sodium hydroxide, caustic portash) causes injuries on skin and mucous membranes, redness, blistering and sloughing.

Measures:

• Flush injured body parts with a lot of water,
• Flush eye injuries with running water.

Toxication
Measures:

• Measures are limited to the survey of the vital functions,
• Give the rest of the toxin, packaging or other indications on the kind of toxin to the emergency rescue service.

Hazadouse need chemical hazard symbol on their storage, in hazadous chemical storage.